Photos: Katy Perry

http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F3/102/102.F3d.406.95-15739.95-15738.95-15737.html

Rhonda COLLINS; Plaintiffs-Appellees,
v. Frank JORDAN, Defendant,

United States Court of Appeals,
Ninth Circuit.

Enjoining or preventing First Amendment activities before demonstrators have acted illegally or before the demonstration poses a clear and present danger is presumptively a First Amendment violation. Carroll v. President and Com’rs of Princess Anne, 393 U.S. 175, 180-81, 89 S.Ct. 347, 351-52, 21 L.Ed.2d 325 (1968); Laurence Tribe, American Constitutional Law, § 12-34, at 1041 (2d ed. 1987) (collecting cases). The generally accepted way of dealing with unlawful conduct that may be intertwined with First Amendment activity is to punish it after it occurs, rather than to prevent the First Amendment activity from occurring in order to obviate the possible unlawful conduct. Carroll, 393 U.S. at 180-81, 89 S.Ct. at 351-52; Kunz v. New York, 340 U.S. 290, 294, 71 S.Ct. 312, 315, 95 L.Ed. 280 (1951) (distinguishing subsequent punishment from suppression of speech); Collin v. Chicago Park District, 460 F.2d 746, 754 (7th Cir.1972).